GMEOW Learning Module

• IRI: https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/slices/learning
• Tier: core
• Group: core

What This Slice Covers

This slice owns 17 terms and contributes 6 mapping or projection rows. Use it when its terms match the native fact you want to preserve; use the linkage tables to see how those facts leave GMEOW for consumer vocabularies.

Dependencies

• gmeow:slices/cognition
• gmeow:slices/events
• gmeow:slices/expertise
• gmeow:slices/kernel
• gmeow:slices/mentation
• gmeow:slices/sources
• gmeow:slices/temporal

Consumers

• How agent memory GROWS (Principle 14): when, from whom, and how an agent came to know something — the GTS ai-package belief-acquisition log. A gmeow:LearningEvent records the transition that raised a gmeow:KnowledgeProficiency or gmeow:SkillProficiency; gmeow:learnedFrom carries the provenance of acquired knowledge; pedagogy and rubric consumers (the teleology / rubrics slices) read gmeow:Teaching. Forgetting is suppression (cognition's gmeow:remembers + gmeow:displayable false), referenced here, never re-minted.

Local Map

Examples

Skill Acquisition Trajectory

• Source: slices/core/learning/examples/skill-acquisition-trajectory.ttl
• GMEOW terms: gmeow:Agent, gmeow:CreativeWork, gmeow:LearningEvent, gmeow:Skill, gmeow:SkillProficiency, gmeow:TimeInterval, gmeow:displayable, gmeow:dreyfusAdvancedBeginner, gmeow:dreyfusExpert, gmeow:dreyfusNovice
• External prefixes: xsd

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Blackcat Informatics® Inc. <paudley@blackcatinformatics.ca>
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
#
# Worked example: a proficiency RISE as a SEQUENCE of tenures, never a mutation.
# Two gmeow:LearningEvent occurrents raise lillith's cycling skill — a skill
# acquisition (novice → advanced beginner) and a consolidating practice block
# (advanced beginner → expert). Each event gmeow:produces its OWN reified
# gmeow:SkillProficiency relator, scoped by its own interval; the earlier tenure
# is kept with gmeow:displayable false rather than overwritten (Principle 10).
# The trajectory of one event rides gmeow:fromLevel / gmeow:toLevel; the durable
# standing is the proficiency tenure the event produced.

@prefix gmeow: <https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/> .
@prefix ex:    <https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/examples/learning/> .
@prefix rdfs:  <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:   <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

ex:lillith a gmeow:Agent ;
    rdfs:label "Lillith"@en .

ex:cycling a gmeow:Skill ;
    rdfs:label "riding a bicycle"@en .

ex:textbook a gmeow:CreativeWork ;
    rdfs:label "Cycling: a beginner's manual"@en .

# --- Event 1: skill acquisition, novice → advanced beginner (the spring).
ex:firstLessons a gmeow:LearningEvent ;
    gmeow:experiencer ex:lillith ;
    gmeow:mentalProcessType gmeow:processLearning ;
    gmeow:learningType gmeow:learningSkillAcquisition ;
    gmeow:learnedFrom ex:textbook ;
    gmeow:fromLevel gmeow:dreyfusNovice ;
    gmeow:toLevel gmeow:dreyfusAdvancedBeginner ;
    gmeow:produces ex:profSpring ;
    gmeow:eventTime "2026-03-15T10:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime ; # temporal placement — CONSTITUTION P11
    gmeow:eventTemporalFrame gmeow:temporalFrameUTCGregorian ;
    rdfs:label "first cycling lessons"@en .

# The proficiency tenure the first event produced — now SUPERSEDED, kept (not
# deleted) with gmeow:displayable false: the earlier rung of the sequence.
ex:profSpring a gmeow:SkillProficiency ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyAgent ex:lillith ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyOf ex:cycling ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyLevel gmeow:dreyfusAdvancedBeginner ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyScale gmeow:scaleDreyfus ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyInterval ex:springInterval ;
    gmeow:displayable false ;
    rdfs:label "cycling proficiency (spring): advanced beginner"@en .

ex:springInterval a gmeow:TimeInterval ;
    gmeow:startedAtTime "2026-03-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime ;
    gmeow:endedAtTime   "2026-05-31T23:59:59Z"^^xsd:dateTime .

# --- Event 2: consolidating practice, advanced beginner → expert (the summer).
#     Two varieties co-apply (P9): it both consolidates and further acquires.
ex:summerPractice a gmeow:LearningEvent ;
    gmeow:experiencer ex:lillith ;
    gmeow:mentalProcessType gmeow:processLearning ;
    gmeow:learningType gmeow:learningConsolidation, gmeow:learningSkillAcquisition ;
    gmeow:fromLevel gmeow:dreyfusAdvancedBeginner ;
    gmeow:toLevel gmeow:dreyfusExpert ;
    gmeow:produces ex:profSummer ;
    gmeow:eventTime "2026-08-15T10:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime ; # temporal placement — CONSTITUTION P11
    gmeow:eventTemporalFrame gmeow:temporalFrameUTCGregorian ;
    rdfs:label "a summer of daily practice"@en .

# The current proficiency tenure — a NEW relator, not a mutation of ex:profSpring.
ex:profSummer a gmeow:SkillProficiency ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyAgent ex:lillith ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyOf ex:cycling ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyLevel gmeow:dreyfusExpert ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyScale gmeow:scaleDreyfus ;
    gmeow:skillProficiencyInterval ex:summerInterval ;
    rdfs:label "cycling proficiency (summer): expert"@en .

ex:summerInterval a gmeow:TimeInterval ;
    gmeow:startedAtTime "2026-06-01T00:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime .

Teaching And Being Taught

• Source: slices/core/learning/examples/teaching-and-being-taught.ttl
• GMEOW terms: gmeow:Agent, gmeow:CognitiveState, gmeow:LearningEvent, gmeow:Skill, gmeow:Teaching, gmeow:eventTemporalFrame, gmeow:eventTime, gmeow:experiencer, gmeow:learnedFrom, gmeow:learner
• External prefixes: xsd

# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Blackcat Informatics® Inc. <paudley@blackcatinformatics.ca>
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
#
# Worked example: the two faces of instruction. A gmeow:Teaching relator reifies
# the instruction relation — one teacher, two learners taught together, one
# subject — making the roles first-class; teacher ≠ learner is enforced by
# gmeow:TeachingShape (SHACL), so an agent never teaches itself. Each learner's
# OWN acquisition is a separate gmeow:LearningEvent of variety
# gmeow:learningBeingTaught that gmeow:learnedFrom the teacher and gmeow:produces
# the cognitive state it settled — the being-taught face of learning, paired with
# the teaching relator the events participate in.

@prefix gmeow: <https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/> .
@prefix ex:    <https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/examples/learning/> .
@prefix rdfs:  <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .
@prefix xsd:   <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> .

ex:mentor a gmeow:Agent ;
    rdfs:label "the cycling coach"@en .

ex:lillith a gmeow:Agent ;
    rdfs:label "Lillith"@en .

ex:rowan a gmeow:Agent ;
    rdfs:label "Rowan"@en .

ex:balancing a gmeow:Skill ;
    rdfs:label "balancing on two wheels"@en .

# --- The reified instruction: one teacher, TWO learners taught together, one
#     subject. teacher ≠ learner (gmeow:TeachingShape); co-taught learners share
#     ONE gmeow:Teaching rather than one Teaching each.
ex:lesson a gmeow:Teaching ;
    gmeow:teacher ex:mentor ;
    gmeow:learner ex:lillith, ex:rowan ;
    gmeow:subjectTaught ex:balancing ;
    rdfs:label "a group balancing lesson"@en .

# --- Lillith's own acquisition: a being-taught LearningEvent, learned FROM the
#     teacher, producing the cognitive state it settled.
ex:lillithLearns a gmeow:LearningEvent ;
    gmeow:experiencer ex:lillith ;
    gmeow:mentalProcessType gmeow:processLearning ;
    gmeow:learningType gmeow:learningBeingTaught ;
    gmeow:learnedFrom ex:mentor ;
    gmeow:produces ex:lillithBalances ;
    gmeow:eventTime "2026-06-15T14:00:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime ; # temporal placement — CONSTITUTION P11
    gmeow:eventTemporalFrame gmeow:temporalFrameUTCGregorian ;
    rdfs:label "Lillith learns to balance"@en .

ex:lillithBalances a gmeow:CognitiveState ;
    rdfs:label "Lillith's grasp of balancing"@en .

# --- Rowan's acquisition is a DISTINCT event sharing the one gmeow:Teaching: two
#     learners, two LearningEvents, one instruction relation.
ex:rowanLearns a gmeow:LearningEvent ;
    gmeow:experiencer ex:rowan ;
    gmeow:mentalProcessType gmeow:processLearning ;
    gmeow:learningType gmeow:learningBeingTaught ;
    gmeow:learnedFrom ex:mentor ;
    gmeow:produces ex:rowanBalances ;
    gmeow:eventTime "2026-06-15T14:30:00Z"^^xsd:dateTime ; # temporal placement — CONSTITUTION P11
    gmeow:eventTemporalFrame gmeow:temporalFrameUTCGregorian ;
    rdfs:label "Rowan learns to balance"@en .

ex:rowanBalances a gmeow:CognitiveState ;
    rdfs:label "Rowan's grasp of balancing"@en .

Terms

Classes

Properties

Individuals

Linkages

• Rows: 6
• Projection profiles: -
• External vocabularies: prov, schema

Guide

Learning

Slice: https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/slices/learning · tier: core

Learning as process — the occurrent that transitions an agent along the cognition knowledge spectrum or the expertise proficiency scale. The cognition slice models the endurant gmeow:KnowledgeProficiency and the expertise slice models the endurant gmeow:SkillProficiency; this slice models the occurrent gmeow:LearningEvent that changes those states — acquisition, being-taught, consolidation, transfer, and unlearning. Memory-as-storage (flagship store/recall) is not learning; learning is the event that grew what an agent knows.

The occurrent/endurant split

The mentation slice reserves gmeow:MentalProcess as an umbrella for occurrent mental events. gmeow:LearningEvent reparents under it — never re-roots it — inheriting gmeow:experiencer and the unified mental-timeline stream. The split keeps the gUFO ontological partition clean:

A gmeow:LearningEvent links to the enduring states it settled via gmeow:produces, to its start/end levels via gmeow:fromLevel / gmeow:toLevel, and to its source via gmeow:learnedFrom.

gmeow:LearningEvent

The occurrent that transitions an agent along the cognition knowledge spectrum or the expertise proficiency scale — learning as it unfolds in time. A gmeow:MentalProcess (gufo:EventType), it is borne by exactly one gmeow:experiencer (inherited) and joins the agent's single occurrent mental-timeline stream. The class asserts that a learning process occurred; the variety is a gmeow:LearningEventType value carried by gmeow:learningType (Principle 9, never a subclass).

Timeline-parity fields — the cross-slice contract. Like every sibling occurrent on the mental timeline, a gmeow:LearningEvent carries:

• gmeow:mentalProcessType gmeow:processLearning — the uniform occurrent query handle (it mirrors gmeow:eventType), declared once on the mentation spine, so a timeline query filtering by gmeow:mentalProcessType surfaces learning episodes exactly as a gmeow:InferenceProcess carries gmeow:processReasoning. This is the single canonical occurrent marker — no redundant second value is minted (Principle 4); the orthogonal variety rides gmeow:learningType.
• a temporal placement — gmeow:eventTime (an xsd:dateTime) and [gmeow:eventTemporalFrame](../reference/properties/gmeow-eventTemporalFrame.md) [gmeow:temporalFrameUTCGregorian](../reference/individuals/gmeow-temporalFrameUTCGregorian.md) (CONSTITUTION P11: a value asserted without its reference frame is ill-formed).

Learning event types

gmeow:LearningEventType is an open value vocabulary ([gufo:AbstractIndividualType](../external/terms.md#gufo-abstractindividualtype) ⊑ [gufo:QualityValue](../external/terms.md#gufo-qualityvalue)) whose members are individuals, never subclasses (Principle 9). More than one may co-apply to a single event (gmeow:learningType is non-functional): a transfer that also consolidates is both gmeow:learningTransfer and gmeow:learningConsolidation.

Two type values carry documented routing bridges (no axiom): gmeow:learningTransfer routes to the inference slice's gmeow:Analogy (the source-to-target structure-mapping that warrants the transfer); gmeow:learningConceptFormation bridges to the forthcoming concepts slice. Neither carries a reasoner-enforced relation in core — the bridges are routing for consumers, not entailments.

Forgetting is suppression, not a new term. There is deliberately no gmeow:forgets / gmeow:forgotten term. Forgetting is the cognition slice's gmeow:remembers withdrawn by gmeow:displayable false; gmeow:learningUnlearning names the revision event, not a deletion construct.

gmeow:LearningEventType · gmeow:learningType

gmeow:LearningEventType is the open value vocabulary of learning varieties; gmeow:learningType (domain gmeow:LearningEvent, range gmeow:LearningEventType) classifies an event by pointing it at one or more of those values. Non-functional by design — several varieties may co-apply. Extend the vocabulary by minting a fresh gmeow:LearningEventType individual, never by subclassing gmeow:LearningEvent (Principle 9).

Provenance, trajectory, and product

Three open-range properties carry what the learning came from, the levels it moved between, and the state it produced. All ranges are left intentionally open (Principle 13): the target classes are either not yet built (gmeow:Concept) or retired (gmeow:Source, superseded by gmeow:CreativeWork plus a source-role).

gmeow:learnedFrom

Relates a gmeow:LearningEvent to what the agent learned from — the provenance of acquired knowledge. Open range: typically a gmeow:CreativeWork, a teaching gmeow:Agent, or a body of evidence, but the surface is never prematurely closed. Non-functional — a learning event may draw on several sources. Do not revive the retired gmeow:Source class; point at a gmeow:CreativeWork plus a source-role.

gmeow:fromLevel · gmeow:toLevel

gmeow:fromLevel is the proficiency or knowledge level an agent held before a learning event; gmeow:toLevel is the level reached after. Both have an open range (a cognition gmeow:KnowledgeLevel or an expertise gmeow:ProficiencyLevel are equally admitted) and are non-functional. For a consolidation event gmeow:toLevel may equal gmeow:fromLevel (the level is stabilised, not raised).

Trajectory, not mutation (Principle 10). gmeow:fromLevel / gmeow:toLevel record the endpoints of one event. An agent's standing over time is a sequence of reified gmeow:KnowledgeProficiency / gmeow:SkillProficiency tenures, each scoped by its own interval (the temporal gmeow:TimeScopedRelation idiom), with the prior tenure kept via [gmeow:displayable](../reference/properties/gmeow-displayable.md) false rather than overwritten — never the in-place mutation of one relator.

gmeow:produces

Relates a gmeow:LearningEvent to the knowledge state it raised or settled — its product. Open range: typically a cognition gmeow:CognitiveState or gmeow:KnowledgeProficiency, an expertise gmeow:SkillProficiency, or (once the concepts slice lands) a gmeow:Concept. Non-functional — one event may settle several states. The occurrent/endurant bridge: the event produces the enduring state, keeping the gUFO split clean.

Teaching — the instruction relator

gmeow:Teaching is the gmeow:Participation-style relator (gufo:Relator) mediating one teacher, one or more learners, and the subject taught — the being-taught face of learning. Reifying the instruction makes the roles, period, confidence, and evidence of teaching first-class. The 80% case (learner acquires from a source) is a bare gmeow:LearningEvent with gmeow:learnedFrom; reach for gmeow:Teaching only when the instruction relation itself is the fact of interest (Principle 4).

Teacher must differ from every learner. An agent cannot teach itself. This is a closed-world well-formedness rule enforced by gmeow:TeachingShape (SHACL) — not a DL axiom, keeping the reasoned profile within OWL 2 EL. The open-world "some teacher, some learner" mediation rides owl:someValuesFrom restrictions in module.ttl.

gmeow:Teaching

A reified teaching relation (gufo:Relator, gufo:Kind) — one teacher, one or more learners, and the subject taught. Three role properties: gmeow:teacher (functional, range gmeow:Agent), gmeow:learner (non-functional, range gmeow:Agent), and gmeow:subjectTaught (non-functional, open range). Co-teaching is several gmeow:Teaching relators sharing a subject and learner set, not one Teaching with multiple teachers. Retract a withdrawn role with gmeow:displayable false, never deletion (Principle 10).

gmeow:teacher · gmeow:learner · gmeow:subjectTaught

gmeow:teacher (functional) names the single gmeow:Agent giving instruction; gmeow:learner (non-functional) names each gmeow:Agent receiving instruction — a class taught together shares one gmeow:Teaching. gmeow:subjectTaught (non-functional, open range) records what a Teaching conveyed — a concept (the forthcoming gmeow:Concept), a gmeow:Skill, or a gmeow:Proposition are all admitted. gmeow:TeachingShape enforces that no agent is both gmeow:teacher and gmeow:learner of the same Teaching.

SSSOM alignments (mappings/equivalences.ttl)

Authored in mappings/equivalences.ttl and compiled to mappings/gmeow-learning.sssom.tsv by gmeow compile-mappings. All by reference (Principle 5) — GMEOW never imports an external axiom. Alignments are deliberately loose (skos:closeMatch, not equivalentClass): schema.org models the act of learning/teaching, GMEOW models the cognitive-state-transition event; PROV-O models the activity / provenance face.

xAPI (the Experience API) is the strongest external consumer — learning records keyed by <http://adlnet.gov/expapi/verbs/learned> — but it is a JSON Statement model with no stable OWL class IRIs, so gmeow:LearningEvent projects down to an xAPI Statement at the projection layer and is referenced in prose, not mapped as a gmeow:TermEquivalence.

Dependencies

Verified by construction

gmeow:TeachingShape (shapes.ttl) pins the load-bearing closed-world rules:

• Exactly one teacher — sh:minCount 1; sh:maxCount 1 on gmeow:teacher, class gmeow:Agent.
• At least one learner, each a gmeow:Agent — sh:minCount 1; sh:class gmeow:Agent on gmeow:learner — instruction with no one being taught is not a teaching, and a learner must be an agent (matching the gmeow:teacher constraint and the rdfs:range gmeow:Agent).
• At least one subject taught — sh:minCount 1 on gmeow:subjectTaught — instruction is always instruction in something.
• Teacher ≠ learner — SPARQL constraint on gmeow:TeachingShape: a Teaching is violation if any gmeow:teacher IRI also appears as a gmeow:learner of the same node. An agent cannot teach itself.