presupposes

• CURIE: gmeow:presupposes
• IRI: https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/presupposes
• Category: property
• Defined by: gmeow:slices/inquiry
• Box roles: RBox role (What is this?)

Relates a question to a proposition that must hold for the question to have a true answer — its presupposition ('have you stopped X?' presupposes 'you once did X'). NOT functional: a question may presuppose several propositions. The presupposition is carried as the subject of the relation, never asserted as a fact of the universal standpoint.

Structure

Property shape: object property; gmeow:Question -> gmeow:Proposition

Practical Pattern

Use gmeow:presupposes from gmeow:Question to gmeow:Proposition when the relationship itself belongs in the native GMEOW graph.

Example Snippets

These snippets are generated from canonical slice examples and trimmed to the Turtle blocks where this term appears.

Loaded Question

• Source: slices/core/inquiry/examples/loaded-question.ttl
• Examples catalog: open in catalog#example-slices-core-inquiry-examples-loaded-question

@prefix gmeow: <https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/> .
@prefix ex:    <https://blackcatinformatics.ca/gmeow/examples/inquiry/> .
@prefix rdfs:  <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> .



# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2026 Blackcat Informatics® Inc. <paudley@blackcatinformatics.ca>
# SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-4.0
#
# Worked example — a LOADED question via the deception bridge, with NO new
# axiom. The classic "have you stopped cheating?" is a polar gmeow:Question that
# gmeow:presupposes a proposition ("you were cheating"). Loadedness is NOT a flag
# on the question: it is a gmeow:StandpointClaim over the presupposed proposition
# carrying gmeow:claimModality gmeow:refuted — a standpoint DENIES the
# presupposition, exposing the question as loaded. This reuses the standpoint /
# deception machinery (P6); there is no isLoaded bit and no truth bit anywhere.

# --- The polar question and the proposition it takes for granted.
ex:stoppedCheating a gmeow:Question ;
    gmeow:questionType gmeow:typePolar ;
    gmeow:presupposes ex:wasCheating ;
    rdfs:label "have you stopped cheating?"@en .

Common Companion Terms

gmeow:Question, gmeow:Proposition

Usage Advice

Use when

• Use to record a proposition a question takes for granted — what must hold for the question to admit a true answer — so a contested presupposition can be flagged through the standpoint layer rather than baked into the question.

Avoid when

• Avoid asserting the presupposed proposition as a global fact (it is the subject of the relation, not a universal-standpoint truth) and avoid minting an isLoaded flag for loaded questions; a contested presupposition is a refuted gmeow:StandpointClaim over the proposition, never a property of the question.

How to use

• Point the Question at one or more gmeow:Proposition individuals; to mark a loaded question, mint a gmeow:StandpointClaim over the presupposed proposition with gmeow:claimModality gmeow:refuted rather than altering the question, letting the deception slice read the denial.

Scope notes

• Loaded-question bridge (documentation only — no new axiom): a LOADED question is one whose presupposition is contested or false. Model it WITHOUT a new construct as a gmeow:StandpointClaim over the presupposed gmeow:Proposition carrying gmeow:claimModality gmeow:refuted (a standpoint denies the presupposition); this reuses the standpoint / deception machinery (Principle 6) and bridges the deception slice — there is no isLoaded flag on the question.

Examples

• ex:stoppedSmoking gmeow:presupposes ex:onceSmoked.